Without reading or watching any coverage of the Toyota recall, you can bet the critics will say Toyota reacted too slowly in the recall. That is a safe criticism to make. Hindsight is 20/20 so it is easy to argue Toyota should have recognized the signs sooner and acted sooner. Sometimes the default speed criticism is valid, sometimes it is unfair. Keep in mind that managers are evaluating a number of variables simultaneously including financial concerns. Besides, the speed of the reaction is relative. What we should be more interested in is what was communicated through words and actions. Speed is a secondary concern as long as it was not so slow that it placed people at undue risk because the organize had a very good idea of what the problem was.
A quick recap is of the recall is warranted here. The problem was that accelerator pedals were sticking or returning to their normal position. Drivers are worried when cars accelerate on their own—unintended acceleration. The problem was found in a variety of Toyota vehicles in the U.S. and China. The cars manufactured and sold in Japan did not have any problems. The initial diagnosis was that improper installation of floor mats was to blame for the problem. A message went out customers about the floor mats on Nov. 2, 2009 in relation to the Sept. 29th recall. On Jan. 21, 2010 another recall notice was delivered about the accelerator pedal itself followed by a suspension of selling the vehicles in doubt on Jan. 28, 2010. It seemed both the floor mats and the pedal design were both to blame http://pressroom.toyota.com/pr/tms/toyota/toyota-consumer-safety-advisory-102572.aspx. The bigger issue is whether or not Toyota knew of the problem since 2007 and that the problem went beyond the floor mats and pedal design to its drive-by-wire technology (latimes.com/news/opinion/editorials/la-ed-toyota5-2009dec05,0,1844374.story). The LA Times news story does seem to accuse Toyota of ignoring the problem for over two years. Toyota disagrees:
“Today the Los Angeles Times published an article that wrongly and unfairly attacks Toyota’s integrity and reputation.
While outraged by the Times’ attack, we were not totally surprised. The tone of the article was foreshadowed by the phrasing of a lengthy list of detailed questions that the Times emailed to us recently. The questions were couched in accusatory terms.
Despite the tone, we answered each of the many questions and sent them to the Times. Needless to say, we were disappointed by the article that appeared today, and in particular by the fact that so little of our response to the questions appeared in the article and much of what was used was distorted.
Toyota has a well-earned reputation for integrity and we will vigorously defend it.” http://pressroom.toyota.com/pr/tms/our-point-of-view-post.aspx?id=2378
Here is a link to the exchange of questions and answers between the LA Times and Toyota: http://pressroom.toyota.com/pr/tms/document/LA_Times_questions_and_Toyota_answers.pdf
Records show the NTSB has investigated eight acceleration problems with Toyota’s since 2003. Six of the investigations were closed with no action taken while two did involve small recalls related to floor mats http://archives.chicagotribune.com/2009/nov/26/business/chi-tc-biz-toyota-1125-1126-nov26. We should return to the point that the recalls affect cars outside of Japan including China, the U.S., and Europe. The accelerator pedal has a different supplier in Japan. Here is where Toyota makes some interesting communicative choices. Toyota has the chance to scapegoat the supplier but provides this statement about the supplier:
“Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America (TEMA) has been working closely with supplier CTS on a revised design that effectively remedies the problem associated with accelerator pedals. Pedals featuring the revised design are now in full production at CTS to support Toyota’s needs. Meanwhile, we are also working with them to test effective modifications to existing pedals in the field that will be rolled out as quickly as possible.
“We commend CTS for working diligently and collaboratively to find a solution to the potential problem and in developing a new design,” said Chris Nielsen, TEMA’s Vice President of Purchasing. “CTS is a long-term and valued supplier to us.”
http://pressroom.toyota.com/pr/tms/manufacturing/statement-from-toyota-on-supplier-153203.aspx
Toyota stands with the supplier rather offering them as the cause. This statement shows Toyota’s willingness to take responsibility for any problems found in their vehicles even in the face of its largest recall involving millions of vehicles. In addition, Toyota took the unusual stand to suspend the sale of new vehicles:
“Toyota Motor Sales (TMS), U.S.A., Inc., today announced that it is instructing Toyota dealers to temporarily suspend sales of eight models involved in the recall for sticking accelerator pedal, announced on January 21, 2010.
“Helping ensure the safety of our customers and restoring confidence in Toyota are very important to our company,” said Group Vice President and Toyota Division General Manager Bob Carter. “This action is necessary until a remedy is finalized. We’re making every effort to address this situation for our customers as quickly as possible.”
Toyota announced it would recall approximately 2.3 million vehicles to correct sticking accelerator pedals on specific Toyota Division models. Toyota has investigated isolated reports of sticking accelerator pedal mechanisms in certain vehicles without the presence of floor mats. There is a possibility that certain accelerator pedal mechanisms may, in rare instances, mechanically stick in a partially depressed position or return slowly to the idle position.” http://pressroom.toyota.com/pr/tms/toyota/toyota-temporarily-suspends-sales-153126.aspx
Toyota had already recalled over million vehicles for the floor mat issue. Toyota was willing to recall and suspend sales, both are corrective actions designed to reassure customers the vehicles would be safe once the recall changes were made. Toyota’s President, Akio Toyoda apologized to customers:
“’We’re extremely sorry to have made customers feel uneasy,’ Akio Toyoda told public broadcaster NHK on the sidelines of the Davos forum in Switzerland, in his first public remarks on the recall since it went global this week.
‘Right now, we are trying to establish the facts and preparing for giving an explanation so anxiety among customers would be removed as soon as possible’” http://news.yahoo.com/s/afp/20100130/bs_afp/japanautocompanyrecalltoyota_20100130082516
Toyota’s words and actions indicate a strong concern for customers and a willingness to protect its reputation. Still, if the problem really was known in 2007 and goes beyond what has been disclosed, a serious problem still remains. However, at this point the facts do not support the charges of a cover up of an even larger problem. That is the dilemma in product recalls. When is a problem isolated and when is it systemic? There are no clear rules for answer that question.
Questions to Consider
- How would you evaluate Toyota’s communicative response to the acceleration crisis?
- Why might it be fair to criticize Toyota for being slow? Why might it be unfair?
- Why do you think Toyota directly addressed the LA Times story?
- Who seems more credible in the exchange, the LA Times or Toyota and why does that matter?
- What role does being slow to respond play in shaping stakeholder perceptions of an organization in crisis?
- How does this case illustrate the connections between reputation management and crisis communication?
- How would you rate the ethics of Toyota’s crisis communication given the facts reported in the case thus far?
[Via http://prstrategyandapplication.wordpress.com]